Case Form A: Missing Persons Who Vanish Abroad

By: Shane Lambert
Original Publication Date: September 30th, 2025

Case Form A: The Vanishing Traveler

In my Missing Persons Commentary blog, I use “Case Forms” to categorize missing persons cases into patterns. A “form” groups disappearances by key circumstances—locations, events, or behaviors—to reveal insights and aid investigations. One thing it does, which is a weakness, is that it doesn't treat cases as wholly unique. With this approach, you can try to gain insight between cases based on similar sets of facts.

Case Form A is defined as follows: 

(1) Subject Travels Abroad
(2) Subject Does Not Check-in For Return Transportation. 

In this case, it’s the latter condition—missing a flight or paid transport—that triggers the missing person designation, whether soon or in the future. Unlike missing a coffee date, a class, or casual appointment, which might be shrugged off, a missed flight costs hundreds, even thousands, of dollars.

In 2005, a transatlantic ticket ran $600–$1,200, a hefty sum to abandon. Usually, transportation, especially flights, is considered important enough that people will not merely abandon it. Therefore, the missed transportation often signals a problem—be it choice, accident, or foul play.

Last call for a missing passenger.

Christine Linda Longino

Christine, 31, from Sandy Springs, Georgia, embodies Case Form A. In early November 2005, she was dropped off at a MARTA station (Atlanta-area transit), took a train to Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, and flew to London’s Gatwick Airport. She missed her November 12th return flight.

Was it a new life, foul play in London, or an accident that caused her to miss her flight home? Timeline gaps—October 14 vs. November last-seen dates—and an unknown drop-off person cloud the case, still unsolved in 2025.

Ani Ashekian

Ani Ashekian, a Canadian, went missing in Hong Kong in 2008. She missed her return flight and media coverage of her case started soon afterward. This case remains unsolved as of October 2025. But in Ani's case, it wasn't just her return transportation home but her travel itinerary during her trip that remained unchecked-in for.

Natalee Holloway

Natalee, 18, traveled to Aruba in May 2005 for a graduation trip. She was last seen leaving a bar on May 30th, then later that day, she missed her group’s prepaid return flight to Miami that morning. Her mother raised the alarm immediately, launching a search. Joran van der Sloot’s 2023 confession confirmed foul play, but her body remains missing.

Join the Search

It's important to not get tunnel vision. There are good reasons why someone might miss their paid transportation. Furthermore, what amounts to a lot of money for one person might not be a lot to the next.

Other examples will be added as time goes by. But I want the reader to note that missing paid transportation, especially expensive transportation, is a clue that something is significantly wrong with someone's life. That person needs to be located immediately and their well-being accounted for.


Case Forms: Categorizing Missing People Into Patterns

By: Shane Lambert
Original publication date: September 30th, 2025

I’m excited to launch a new section for my blog posts that focus on Missing Persons cases. This will be called "Case Form," a subsection of my posts where I’ll delve into the structure of a missing persons case through a unique lens.

A "form" is like a form of an argument in logic, where there is a general outline covering an argument type. In my missing persons context, it will refer to a general category defined by the major details or recurring patterns that shape disappearances that may be unrelated but still provide insight into one another's case—such as the circumstances, locations, or key events involved. It will aim to be broad and yet concise: covering case details in a general way but not detailing too much criterion.

Using a Case Form, is the opposite of treating each case as unique. Rather this approach identifies broader frameworks, like a journey abroad or a sudden change in behavior, allowing us to group similar cases for deeper study and comparison.

It’s a way to organize the complexities of these mysteries into recognizable types, revealing insights into how and/or why people go missing. By exploring these forms, we can better understand common threads and spark curiosity about potential resolutions.

Furthermore, using forms can help relate solved cases to unsolved cases. I plan to list all the forms below with ambitions or revisiting the scores of cases from the past.


Case Forms Used at Missing Persons Commentary

Case Form A:

(1) Subject Travels Abroad
(2) Subject Does Not Check-in For Return Transportation

Example: Christine Linda Longino, unsolved as of the original publication date

The working hypothesis behind Case Form A would be that the failure to check-in for the return transportation is a big blue that something is amiss.

Case Form B:

(1) Subject (Woman) Last Seen By Husband
(2) Subject Argued With Husband at Last Sighting

Example: Jennifer Provencal, unsolved as of the original publication date.

The working hypothesis behind Case Form B is the confrontational aspect of the marriage had something to do with the disappearance. 

Case Form C:

(1) Subject Went Hiking With a Group
(2) Subject Separated From Group

Example: Alan Visher, unsolved as of the original publication date.

Case Form D:

(1) Subject Went Hiking Alone
(2) Subject Enters Dangerous Area

Example: Jesse Pinegar, unsolved as of the original publication date.

Case Form E:

(1) Subject (Female) is Driving Without Passengers
(2) Subject's Vehicle Breaks Down

Example: Robin Ann Graham, unsolved as of the original publication date.

Case Form F:

(1) Subject known/or and seen to be swept into flood waters or a river.
(2) Subject not seen again.

Example: Jeannetta Labelle, unsolved as of the original publication date.

Christine Linda Longino: Missing From Sandy Springs, GA Since 2005 After Flight to London

Christine Linda Longino: Missing From Sandy Springs, GA Since 2005 After Flight to London 

Case Form

This goes by Case Form A:

(1) Missing Person Travels Abroad 
(2) Missing Person Does Not Check-in For Return Transportation

The latter event triggers or is an important part of the missing person designation.

Case Details: Enhanced from NamUs

Category Details
Demographics Legal Name: Christine Linda Longino
Chosen Name/Nickname/Alias: None
Missing Age: 31 Years (DOB: ~1974, may be October 14th, 1974)
Current Age: 50 Years
Biological Sex: Female
Race/Ethnicity: White/Caucasian
Height: 5'1" - 5'3" (61-63 inches)
Weight: 125-150 lbs
BMI: 21.4-23.8 (avg. 22.9, normal range)
Circumstances Date of Last Contact: November 1st, 2005 to November 11th, 2005?

October 14, 2005 (Friday) is listed at NamUs but she appears to have been dropped off somewhere between November 1st and November 11th, 2005 at a MARTA station. She had a return flight from England to the USA booked for November 12th so she must have taken her flight there before that date (but Nov. 9-11th would be a very tight window for a trans-Atlantic trip).

Last-known Location: Gatwick Airport in London, England?

Sandy Springs, Georgia 30328 (Fulton County) is her listed last-known location as per NamUs but it seems like her last location was actually the Gatwick Airport in London, England. Her NamUs description says she boarded the plane from Hartsfield-Jackson Airport
to Gatwick Airport in London. If she did board that plane and it was a safe flight, then her last-known location should be treated as the Gatwick Airport.

I think her address was on Longwood Chase at the time of her disappearance in Canton, Georgia.

Circumstances of Disappearance:

According to NamUs, Christine was dropped off at a MARTA Station near GA-400 (first or second week of November 2005) (the MARTA Station would probably be the North Springs or Sandy Springs station). She then took a MARTA train to Hartsfield-Jackson Airport and flew to Gatwick Airport, in London, England. Her scheduled return flight on November 12th, 2005, went unconfirmed.
Description Hair Color: Brown
Eye Color: Brown

Commentary on the Case

At first glance, there is a lot that does not make sense about this case. Firstly, she is associated with Georgia, USA, but I noted above that this missing person seems likely to be missing with a last-known location of Gatwick Airport in London.
That would be the case simply if she is known to have boarded her flight at the Hartsfield-Jackson Airport bound for that airport. Presumably, the flight would have been a safe one, otherwise this wouldn't be much of a mystery (ie. she didn't just board the plane but arrived at Gatwick).
The last-seen date of October 14th, 2005, presumably, represents when someone who knew her last saw her. I think this may have been Christine's 31st birthday, suggesting that she was last seen by some at a related event. I did look this person up on ancestry and did some corroboration work between hits.
One thing that doesn't make sense with this case is if she was known to get on a flight in the first or second week of November 2005, then that would be reliable information about her whereabouts after October 14th, 2005. By this time in aviation history, you are not boarding a flight without proving who you are, so there's no way she's on that plane without presenting convincing ID. That being the case, why is October 14th considered her last-seen date as opposed to when she boarded the plane?

Confusing Double 'Last Seen' Event in Description

Her NamUs description says she was dropped off at a MARTA Station (Atlanta transit). Who dropped her off? And wouldn't that mean she was last seen well after October 14th, 2005 by this person?
It's also a little weird that the description of her disappearance time frame doesn't list an exact flight date. The vague reference to the first or second week of November suggests that this is not a case that has drawn much professional attention. If there was, I would think her flight date would be known. There are a lot of questions about this case and part of the job in getting answers may be to promote the case in London, England.

Efforts on Ancestry Website for this Missing Person: Christine Longino

While looking at Ancestry, first I found what appeared to be her high school yearbook, where she used the name Christine Longino. If the Christine Longino is the yearbook is the same one as our missing person (faces look alike), then that almost proves that Longino was her birth name, unless she married into the name very young (ie. before the print of her high school yearbook).
I tried to authenticate different search results as her but couldn't do that conclusively. Yet, I did achieve high confidence. For some reason, this missing person, if the profile below is hers, was associated with another name.

I wondered if that was a name she married into, if it was a user or system error, or if it meant something else (ie. name change not related to marriage). If you work on this case and that last name pops up, it's something to look at.

Similar Cases: Missed Return Flight

Missing a scheduled return flight while abroad is a significant clue that something may have happened to an individual, as it often signals an unexpected disruption in their plans. In the case of Christine Linda Longino, who flew from Atlanta to London’s Gatwick Airport in November 2005, but did not board her return flight on November 12, the absence of confirmation suggests she may have faced foul play, an accident, or chosen to stay abroad without notice.
With regard to this latter point, if she married into a new name somehow, then that would complicate finding her. You couldn't simply search for her name in social media or online forums because her name would now be different. You could look for a Christine Wilkins in London, but that could be an empty rabbit hole as well.
But on this matter, if Christine wanted to stay in England or planned to, then why book the return flight? That too is complicated to speculate on.
Her return flight suggests that she was planning to return to the USA. But sometimes when you enter a country, the customs agents will want to see your plan to leave. Someone experienced in travel might book a return flight with plans to no-show it for this reason, despite the cost. It's a way of misleading the customs agents.
There have be en cases where someone's missed flight has been part of the investigation into their disappearance. Natalee Holloway’s failure to board her May 30, 2005, return flight from Aruba sparked a massive search. 

Help Identify UK Jane Does from November 2005

You can help bring closure to Christine Longino’s case by checking UK databases for unidentified females (Jane Does) who died or are believed to have died around November 2005, particularly near London or Gatwick Airport. You need to cross reference Christina's case details to the Jane Doe, both in terms of demographics and timeline considerations. 
Visit the UK Missing Persons Unit at missingpersons.police.uk and filter the unidentified persons section for females, aged 25-35, with brown hair/eyes, 5'1"-5'3", and 125-150 lbs.
Alternatively, explore Doe Network’s Europe section (doenetwork.org) or INTERPOL’s Identify Me (interpol.int/en/What-you-can-do/Identify-Me). If you find a potential match and don't want to report it directly, then feel free to include it in the comments at this blog post as I do look at them.

Pepper Reed Missing: Could UP4389 Be the Match?

By: Shane Lambert
Original Publication Date: September 29th, 2025 (Monday)

Pepper Reed Case Summary (NamUs #MP150118)

With Pepper Reed’s case, what is hard to overlook is that she was deeply intertwined with Terry Rasmussen in the stages of her life leading up to her disappearance event. He is a man whose criminal legacy has recently captivated true crime audiences.

In December 1975, when Pepper Reed was last seen in Houston, Texas, she was three months pregnant with Rasmussen’s child. This child, later named Rea Rasmussen, was born on June 15, 1976, in Anaheim, California, entailing that Pepper remained alive at least until then despite the official last contact date being late in 1975. Her association with Rasmussen, who later became a suspected serial killer, adds a layer of tragedy to her disappearance.

Terry Rasmussen’s crimes have been spotlighted in recent years, notably in the 2025 Oxygen series *Unknown Serial Killers of America* (Season 1, Episode 4), which detailed his role in the Bear Brook murders and other killings across decades. The episode, aired in June 2025, explores how he used aliases like Bob Evans and Gordon Jenson to evade detection. His conviction for a 2003 California murder and suspected involvement in multiple unsolved cases have kept his story relevant, with calls for tips on missing women like Pepper still active.

Category Details
NamUs Case Number MP150118
Legal Name Pepper Reed
Biological Sex Female
Race/Ethnicity White / Caucasian
Missing Age 23 Years
Current Age 73 Years
Height 5'2" - 5'4" (62-64 Inches)
Weight 115-130 lbs, but was pregnant in the time period close to her disappearance event
BMI 20.2 - 23.0 (based on height 5'2"-5'4" and weight 115-130 lbs) (pregnancy should be noted)
Hair Color Brown
Eye Color Brown (Both)
Date of Last Contact December 18, 1975 is stated at NamUs, but Pepper Reed did give birth to a child in June 1976 in Anaheim. This suggests that she was likely seen there, perhaps even in a hospital.
Last Known Location Anaheim, Orange County, California
Circumstances Last seen in Houston, Texas, with boyfriend Terry Rasmussen between December 12-18, 1975, while three months pregnant. Moved to Anaheim, where daughter Rea was born on June 15, 1976. Rea was found deceased in Bear Brook State Park, New Hampshire, in 2000, identified in 2025. Terry Rasmussen, convicted of murder, is suspected in Pepper's disappearance and the Bear Brook Murders.

Attempt to Match: Pepper Reed and UP4389 (Jane Doe)

UP4389 stands out as a compelling match for Pepper Reed. The Jane Doe was found as only skeletal remains, discovered in a Valencia wash off I-5 on January 26th, 1980. Skeletal remains and being found in wash suggest a delayed find, which could include a potential 1976 homicide.  Decomposition and exposure could easily account for the three-year gap, especially if someone disposed of her hastily after Rea's birth and then fled. 

The estimated age range of 17-24 aligns closely with Pepper’s 23 at disappearance, while the White/Caucasian race matches perfectly, and the height/weight (5'5"-5'9", 115-130 lbs) is a strong fit—Pepper’s 5'2"-5'4" is a minor variance, but skeletal measurements can fluctuate by 2-4 inches without complete remains, and the weight range is spot-on (both are 115-130 estimates).


21 Missing Women Cases From NamUs Highlighted for September 2025: Cases, Chart, and Call for Action

Missing Women Reported to NamUs in September 2025: A Call for Awareness

By: Shane Lambert
Original publication date: September 29th, 2025

Overview of Missing Women Cases in NamUs

In September 2025, the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) added numerous cases of women and girls missing in the United States. In the chart below, I include those that are now missing for at least one year.

These cases, spanning various ages, ethnicities, and regions, underscore the need for public awareness and cooperation with law enforcement to help locate these individuals. The data, extracted from NamUs, provides a snapshot of the diverse circumstances surrounding the disappearances, from teenagers to elderly women, across urban and rural settings.

Detailed Chart of Missing Women

The following chart summarizes the 21 missing women and girls added to NamUs in September 2025 that are missing for at least one year. I focus on that to ensure that the case is a credible missing person case, noting that a lot of newly missing people do not stay missing for long. The chart below is organized by oldest case, in terms of Date of Last Contact.

Name Age at Disappearance Last Known Location State Biological Sex Race/Ethnicity Date of Last Contact NamUs Case Created
Pepper Reed 23 Anaheim, Orange CA Female White / Caucasian 12/18/1975 09/12/2025

Christine Longino 31 Sandy Springs, Fulton GA Female White / Caucasian 10/14/2005 09/29/2025

Angela Freeman 43 Girard, Burke GA Female Black / African American 04/02/2014 09/30/2025

Carol Chavez 60 Pueblo, Pueblo CO Female Hispanic / Latino 03/15/2018 09/17/2025

Sophia De Oliveira-Sim 7 Sunny Isles Beach, Miami-Dade FL Female White / Caucasian 08/26/2019 09/13/2025

Jennifer Kline 43 Eureka, Humboldt CA Female White / Caucasian 07/01/2020 09/25/2025

Toni Shlaes 74 Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA Female White / Caucasian 07/27/2021 09/29/2025

Lucille Cowell 59 Pensacola, Escambia FL Female White / Caucasian 09/04/2021 09/26/2025

Marta Panto-Garcia 16 Spring, Montgomery TX Female Multiple 02/19/2022 09/10/2025

Sebastiana Panto-Garcia 15 Spring, Montgomery TX Female Hispanic / Latino 02/19/2022 09/10/2025

Daniya Botabayeva 14 Sunny Isles Beach, Miami-Dade FL Female White / Caucasian 06/07/2022 09/15/2025

Mariela Bajurto-Mejia 15 Spring, Montgomery TX Female Hispanic / Latino 09/18/2022 09/10/2025

Nicole Clark 32 San Francisco, San Francisco CA Female White / Caucasian 01/01/2023 09/22/2025

Lisa Dalley 32 Mesa, Maricopa AZ Female White / Caucasian 01/10/2023 09/17/2025

Sara Ahern 33 Frederick, Frederick MD Female White / Caucasian 04/11/2023 09/05/2025

Wicheng Deng 21 Bellevue, King WA Female Black / African American 08/07/2023 09/17/2025

Mayra Elias Jimenez 16 Acworth, Cherokee GA Female Hispanic / Latino 08/16/2023 09/11/2025

Shelby Mower 25 Las Vegas, Clark NV Female White / Caucasian 10/19/2023 09/26/2025

Kathy Bradcoski 48 Grand Rapids, Kent MI Female White / Caucasian 04/05/2024 09/11/2025

Maria Pascual 14 Springfield, Robertson TN Female Hispanic / Latino 05/11/2024 09/19/2025

Persha Mcclendon 28 Detroit, Wayne MI Female Black / African American 05/14/2024 09/09/2025

How You Can Help Solve Missing Persons Cases

The cases reflect a wide range of ages, from 7-year-old Sophia De Oliveira-Sim to 74-year-old Toni Shlaes, and span multiple states, with California (4 cases), Florida (3 cases), Texas (3 cases), and Georgia (3 cases) being the most represented. This could reflect activity among those professionally involved with updates as opposed to missing people trends.

The racial and ethnic breakdown includes 11 White/Caucasian, 5 Hispanic/Latino, 3 Black/African American, and 1 Multiple heritage individual, indicating the diverse backgrounds of those reported missing. The dates of last contact range from 1975 to 2024, with some cases lingering unresolved for decades, such as Pepper Reed, missing since 1975. It's this case that I will focus my energy on in an upcoming article.

One simple way you, the reader, can help with these cases is by cross-referencing them against missing persons cases with unidentified Jane Does on the NamUs database. By comparing details such as age, race, and last known location, you may help identify matches that could bring closure to families. This has been done before and will continue to be a part of identification, noting that there are so many missing persons and Jane Does that the queue for professional investigation can be backlogged. Visit NamUs.gov to explore the database and contribute to these efforts.

For individuals who are missing fairly recently, I've found that it's possible to find them on social media. In cases like this, you need to cross reference a lot of details because same-name matches are common.


Review: The Infographics Show's "What a Life Sentence Feels Like" - A Gripping Look at Long-term Prison Life

By: Shane Lambert

The Infographics Show’s video “What a Life Sentence Actually Feels Like (Day 1 to Year 40)” is a gripping, well-crafted exploration of the harrowing realities of life behind bars. This 22-minute episode blends vivid storytelling with sobering facts, immersing viewers in the psychological and physical toll of a life sentence. From the original dehumanization of a strip search, to the constant threat of violence, to the futility of trying to improve your quality of life, and the monotony of solitary confinement, the video paints a raw, unflinching picture of prison life.

What sets this episode apart from others is its empathetic approach and focus on one character. It doesn’t just list statistics; it humanizes the experience, walking viewers through the emotional descent of an inmate over decades.

One scene that stood out for me is when the inmates novel is thrown out. His attempt to reconnect with the outside world is simply treated like garbage that needs to be burned.

Comments like “your life paused while the world kept moving” resonate deeply, as noted by viewers like @eddysmokes7, capturing the existential dread of incarceration. The research feels thorough, with sources cited and real-life perspectives echoed in comments from former inmates like @mattrobertson8432, who called it “shockingly emotional” and accurate.

Unveiling the Mystery: 5 Telltale Signs in Missing Women Cases and Outcomes

Exploring a Suspicious Five-Point Pattern in Missing Women Cases

Unveiling the Suspicious Pattern

By: Shane Lambert

In missing persons cases, a specific pattern of circumstances can raise red flags, particularly when foul play is suspected. I’ve identified a five-point pattern involving missing women last seen by their husbands. This article examines two resolved cases—Shannon Madill (husband guilty) and Audrey Backeberg (found alive)—to show how outcomes vary despite similar suspicious patterns.

Case Form B:

(1) Missing Person Last Seen By Husband
(2) Missing Person Argued With Husband at Last Sighting

Five Key Indicators in Domestic Disappearances (Case Form B - Enhanced)

  • When all points below are present, most would find the scenario troubling:

  • (1) A woman went missing,
  • (2) She was last seen by her husband,
  • (3) Her disappearance followed an argument with him,
  • (4) The husband failed to report her missing in a timely manner, but
  • (5) Another person learned of her absence and alerted the police.

Why the Pattern Sparks Concern

Most who will consider these points will probably imagine a troubling domestic scenario.

The first point establishes the urgency of a missing woman. The sex is relevant because women are typically physically weaker than their husbands. In any kind of physical combat, the wife is more likely to be physically outmatched.

The second and third points place the husband as the sole witness to a volatile moment, prompting questions about whether the argument escalated to harm.

The fourth point, the husband’s failure to report his missing wife in a timely manner, suggests a cover-up. However, what constitutes "timely" is a point that could be debated: someone might voluntarily disappear after an argument for a cooling off period.

But the fifth point, family reporting of the missing woman, highlights external intervention, keeping suspicion on the husband. Why should the family report someone's disappearance as suspicious ahead of the husband?

Investigating Diverse Case Outcomes

This article explores cases with all five points present, showing varied resolutions. The goal was to find cases where all five points fit perfectly and then to examine the results. However, that has not worked out thus far, with future results pending (ie. more cases will be looked at). 

So far, I looked at two cases: one involving a woman from Calgary named Shannon Madill and another involving a woman from Wisconsin named Audrey Backeberg. Shannon Madill’s case fits perfectly with a guilty husband, while Audrey Backeberg’s case, a near-match, shows a voluntary escape. The latter case is included despite the fact that it wasn't a perfect match because it was the closest matching case I could find where the woman survived the disappearance event.

The Husband Did It: Shannon Madill Case Study

A Lethal Domestic Argument in Calgary

The murder of Shannon Madill, a 25-year-old aspiring actress from Calgary, Alberta, in November 2014, perfectly aligns with the five-point pattern. (1) She was a woman who went missing, (2) she was last seen by her husband, (3) her disappearance followed an argument with him, (4) the husband failed to report her missing in a timely manner, and (5) her disappearance remained unreported until another person learned of her absence and alerted the police.

This case was resolved in December 2017 with the conviction of her husband, Joshua Burgess, for second-degree murder (CBC News). It illustrates how a domestic argument escalated to lethal violence.

Case Details: Shannon Madill

Late on November 27th, 2014, Shannon Madill vanished from her Calgary home in the Ramsay neighbourhood, fulfilling the first criterion. She was last seen by her husband, Joshua Burgess, that night (Point 2) after a heated argument over their deteriorating marriage (Point 3). Madill insulted Burgess, saying she wished she’d never married him. Joshua strangled her in rage, did not report Madill missing (Point 4), and instead placed her body in a plastic bin on their patio. He would later bury it in their backyard when the ground thawed after the cold Alberta winter. 

Joshua Burgess lied to family, claiming Shannon left voluntarily. The fifth point was met when Madill’s sister, Erin, alarmed by her absence from a family event on November 30, 2014, reported her missing to the Calgary Police Service in December 2014 (Point 5).

In July 2015, police executed a search warrant at their home, initially for Burgess’s phone and vehicles. His confession led to finding Madill’s body buried in the backyard. An autopsy confirmed strangulation. On December 4, 2017, Burgess pleaded guilty to second-degree murder, receiving a life sentence with no parole for 10 years. This case shows that the five-point pattern, when present, does warrant suspicion of husband. 

The Husband Was Innocent: Audrey Backeberg Case Study


A Near-Match: Escape from Abuse

The disappearance of Audrey Backeberg, a 20-year-old mother from Reedsburg, Wisconsin, on July 7th, 1962, is a near-match for the five-point pattern.

(1) Audrey went missing, (2) she was last seen by her husband, (3) her disappearance followed an argument with him, (4) the husband’s reporting was delayed (partially supported), and (5) family members likely alerted police (inferred, partially supported).

Audrey vanished from her Reedsburg home, fulfilling the first criterion. She was last seen by her husband, Ronald Backeberg, that morning (Point 2) after a violent argument (Point 3).

Days earlier, Audrey, married at 15, filed a complaint against Ronald for beating and threatening her life, which would certainly raise suspicions after she disappeared. 

But Audrey was found alive in May 2025, as reported by Mike Wendling for BBC News, Chicago. When this case was finally resolved, it showed a voluntary escape from abuse.

Let's look back at the five points: 

  • (1) A woman went missing (MATCH)
  • (2) She was last seen by her husband (DISPUTABLE IN HINDSIGHT)
  • (3) Her disappearance followed an argument with him (MATCH)
  • (4) The husband failed to report her missing in a timely manner (PARTIAL MATCH)
  • (5) Another person learned of her absence and alerted the police (PARTIAL MATCH)

Point 2 is a tricky match. There was a babysitter in the picture, who claimed to have seen Audrey after the husband. This babysitter was just 14 years old and may not have been treated with full credibility. But in hindsight, it seems that the babysitter was telling the truth. It was her statements that drew some suspicion away from Ronald Backeberg.

Point 4 is a partial match. The husband did report Audrey missing and that makes Point 5 a partial match. While the family would have pressured the police to find Audrey, that was not entirely in lieu of the husband's efforts.

In January 2025, Detective Isaac Hanson used an ancestry account from Audrey’s sister to locate her, alive at 82, living outside Wisconsin under a new name. On May 2, 2025, Sheriff Chip Meister confirmed her disappearance was “by her own choice.” Ronald (deceased 2006) was innocent of foul play. This near-match shows how abuse-driven disappearances mimic the pattern, urging open-minded investigations.

Lessons from Varied Outcomes

Finding a case where a woman survived her disappearance and all five points of the pattern—(1) a woman went missing, (2) last seen by her husband, (3) after an argument, (4) unreported by the husband, and (5) reported by another—matched perfectly proved challenging. I anticipated cases ending in suicide, murder by another, or resurfacing, but the Audrey Backeberg case only partially fits, with Points 4 and 5 unclear. This suggests that any deviation from the pattern should prompt broader investigation beyond the husband, reducing premature assumptions of guilt.
In contrast, identifying a case where all five points aligned and the husband was convicted was straightforward. The Shannon Madill case, where the husband’s guilt was confirmed, emerged quickly. I plan to expand this article with additional cases, but these preliminary insights are interesting. I think when all five points are present in a pure state (ie. no partial matches), then those who think the husband should face increased scrutiny are very justified. Conversely, deviation away from purity requires increased opened-mindedness to other scenarios.

Jennifer Provencal Missing: 51-Year-Old Woman from 100 Mile House, BC - Suspicious Disappearance February 2025

Missing Person Report: Jennifer Provencal

  • Name: Jennifer Provencal (married name: Jennifer Boulding)
  • Age at Disappearance: 51
  • Date of Birth: February 6, 1973, to February 5, 1974
  • Last Contact: Wednesday, February 5, 2025 (morning, at home in Forest Grove; seen by husband Tom)
  • Last Location: Forest Grove, near 100 Mile House, British Columbia, Canada (rural homesteading community in the Interior region)
  • Physical Description:
    • Sex: Female
    • Ethnicity: Caucasian
    • Height: 5'7" (67 inches)
    • Weight: 170 lbs
    • BMI: Approximately 26.6 (overweight range, medium build in photos)
    • Hair Color: Brown
    • Eye Color: Brown
    • Distinctive Features: None noted
    • Last Clothing: Black coat and purple hat

  • Sources: CTV News, September 22, 2025; Missing People Canada, April 2025; Missing People Canada, June 2025; Johanne Provencal's Blog, April 25, 2025 (with updates)

Case Form B:

(1) Missing Person Last Seen By Husband
(2) Missing Person Argued With Husband at Last Sighting

  • Context:

  • Jennifer Provencal, a devoted mother, entrepreneur, and avid gardener, was living with her husband Tom Boulding and youngest son in their Forest Grove, BC, home when she vanished on February 5, 2025.

  • According to Tom, they argued that morning; he left in the family vehicle and returned in the afternoon to find her gone, with no vehicle, luggage, purse, or wallet taken. She was last seen wearing a black coat and purple hat.

  • Jennifer, who never owned a cell phone, relied on the home landline. Her sister Johanne (based in Montreal) called the landline in February (leaving a message) and again in April (speaking to Thomas); two days later, Tom informed her of the disappearance.

  • Johanne, who has made a plea for information, immediately reported it to RCMP on April 21, 2025, leading to a public press release on April 25 (file number 2025-1254). The North District Major Crime Unit took over due to suspicions of foul play, with renewed appeals on June 3, September 22, 2025 (including Johanne's video plea), and media coverage: 100 Mile Free Press (July 5), CBC Radio interviews with Johanne (August 14) and Tom (September 6). Johanne, Tom, and Thomas have provided statements; RCMP has interviewed others (names undisclosed). 

  • Jennifer ran an Etsy shop and "The Bead Barn" craft store, reflecting her artistic spirit. Police believe community members hold critical information and urge tips.

  • Additional Notes: RCMP searches included K9 unit on the property, ditches to the local store, and helicopter scans near the home and Canim Beach park; the home itself was not searched, but Tom provided Jennifer's toothbrush and hairbrush for DNA. No activity on hospital, bank, or travel records since February 5. The nearly three-month delay in reporting (family unaware until April) and rural isolation of Forest Grove complicate efforts. Johanne shares fond memories of their bond—from Montréal childhood walks to BC lake views—and maintains a dedicated Facebook page ("Missing Person - Jennifer Provençal / Jennifer Boulding") for updates. No sightings as of September 26, 2025; Johanne seeks remains for closure to honor Jennifer's life as a loving mom.

If you have information about Jennifer Provencal’s whereabouts, please contact 100 Mile House RCMP at 250-395-2456 (quote file 2025-1254) or Crime Stoppers anonymously at 1-800-222-8477. Share widely in BC and with media—every tip counts.

Commentary

This is an important case for the history of this site. This is a missing person's case that crystalized a pattern in my mine. There are other missing person cases like this one. Furthermore, there are resolved cases. 

I thought it would be interesting to take five points out of the Jennifer Provencal case and extend to other cases, just as food for thought. The points I want to look at are as follows.

(1) There's a missing woman.

(2) The missing woman was last seen by her husband.

(3) The missing woman had an argument with her husband before disappearing.

(4) The missing woman is not reported missing by the husband for at least two months.

(5) Another person learns that the woman is missing and this person reports the missing woman's case to the police.

I am going to look at cases like this in another article. I think in cases like this, there are going to be three scenarios with resolved cases:

(1) The husband disappeared his wife for motives that pertained to the argument, thereby explaining why he didn't want to report her missing;

(2) The woman went missing voluntarily in a distraught state of mind, perhaps related to the argument, and committed suicide or later reappeared; 

(3) The woman was abducted and the husband and the argument are unrelated to her disappearance.

More to come.


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